Natural population growth

High natural population growth may indicate a young nation and high birth rates, while low or negative indicators indicate aging citizens and a possible reduction in labor resources in the future. The ranking of countries by natural population growth reflects the difference between the birth rate and mortality per 1,000 people in each country. This indicator is important for understanding demographic trends that directly affect the economic development of the state.

The growth rates are also influenced by the level of health care, economic well-being, and migration processes.

Natural population growth by country (results of 2023)

Rank		Natural population growthpeople	World Populationpeople
1	India	13.7 million	1.4 billion
2	Pakistan	5.3 million	247.5 million
3	Nigeria	4.8 million	227.9 million
4	Congo - Kinshasa	3.5 million	105.8 million
5	Ethiopia	3.3 million	128.7 million
6	Bangladesh	2.6 million	171.5 million
7	Indonesia	2.4 million	281.2 million
8	Tanzania	2.0 million	66.6 million
9	Egypt	1.8 million	114.5 million
10	Uganda	1.5 million	48.7 million
11	Sudan	1.4 million	50.0 million
12	Mexico	1.2 million	129.7 million
13	Afghanistan	1.2 million	41.5 million
14	Yemen	1.2 million	39.4 million
15	Angola	1.1 million	36.7 million
16	Philippines	1.1 million	114.9 million
17	Brazil	1.1 million	211.1 million
18	Kenya	1.1 million	55.3 million
19	Mozambique	1.0 million	33.6 million
20	Iraq	973 thousand	45.1 million
21	Niger	864 thousand	26.2 million
22	Madagascar	766 thousand	31.2 million
23	Côte d’Ivoire	758 thousand	31.2 million
24	Cameroon	755 thousand	28.4 million
25	Iran	750 thousand	90.6 million
26	Mali	746 thousand	23.8 million
27	Vietnam	728 thousand	100.4 million
28	Uzbekistan	722 thousand	35.7 million
29	Algeria	692 thousand	46.2 million
30	United States	682 thousand	343.5 million
31	Ghana	651 thousand	33.8 million
32	Somalia	608 thousand	18.4 million
33	Chad	606 thousand	19.3 million
34	South Africa	603 thousand	63.2 million
35	Zambia	578 thousand	20.7 million
36	Malawi	549 thousand	21.1 million
37	Burkina Faso	545 thousand	23.0 million
38	Turkey Visa Digital Nomad	520 thousand	87.3 million
39	Saudi Arabia	468 thousand	33.3 million
40	Senegal	431 thousand	18.1 million
41	Colombia	423 thousand	52.3 million
42	Morocco	417 thousand	37.7 million
43	Myanmar (Burma}	408 thousand	54.1 million
44	Syria	403 thousand	23.6 million
45	Zimbabwe	373 thousand	16.3 million
46	Burundi	369 thousand	13.7 million
47	Nepal	368 thousand	29.7 million
48	Guinea	356 thousand	14.4 million
49	Benin	354 thousand	14.1 million
50	Peru	354 thousand	33.8 million
51	Rwanda	313 thousand	14.0 million
52	Guatemala	290 thousand	18.1 million
53	Kazakhstan	273 thousand	20.3 million
54	Malaysia	255 thousand	35.1 million
55	Cambodia	250 thousand	17.4 million
56	Tajikistan	224 thousand	10.4 million
57	Togo	218 thousand	9.3 million
58	South Sudan	218 thousand	11.5 million
59	Venezuela	213 thousand	28.3 million
60	Jordan	201 thousand	11.4 million
61	Central African Republic	190 thousand	5.2 million
62	Sierra Leone	189 thousand	8.5 million
63	Papua New Guinea	188 thousand	10.4 million
64	Honduras	186 thousand	10.6 million
65	Ecuador	178 thousand	18.0 million
66	Bolivia	172 thousand	12.2 million
67	Haiti	167 thousand	11.6 million
68	Sri Lanka	162 thousand	23.0 million
69	Argentina	155 thousand	45.5 million
70	Mauritania	145 thousand	5.0 million
71	Dominican Republic	132 thousand	11.3 million
72	Liberia	126 thousand	5.5 million
73	Israel	121 thousand	9.3 million
74	Australia	120 thousand	26.5 million
75	Turkmenistan	118 thousand	7.4 million
76	Laos	115 thousand	7.7 million
77	Kyrgyzstan	109 thousand	7.1 million
78	Palestinian Territories	107 thousand	5.4 million
79	Nicaragua	101 thousand	6.8 million
80	Paraguay	98 thousand	6.8 million
81	United Arab Emirates	94 thousand	10.6 million
82	Tunisia	94 thousand	12.2 million
83	North Korea	86 thousand	26.4 million
84	Eritrea	78 thousand	3.5 million
85	Libya	76 thousand	7.3 million
86	Oman	75 thousand	5.0 million
87	Gambia	65 thousand	2.7 million
88	Lebanon	59 thousand	5.8 million
89	Namibia	58 thousand	3.0 million
90	Azerbaijan	57 thousand	10.3 million
91	Gabon	53 thousand	2.5 million
92	El Salvador	52 thousand	6.3 million
93	Panama	50 thousand	4.5 million
94	Guinea-Bissau	49 thousand	2.2 million
95	Chile	49 thousand	19.7 million
96	Botswana	47 thousand	2.5 million
97	Canada	45 thousand	39.3 million
98	Mongolia	45 thousand	3.4 million
99	Kuwait	41 thousand	4.8 million
100	Equatorial Guinea	40 thousand	1.8 million
101	United Kingdom	35 thousand	68.7 million
102	Lesotho	31 thousand	2.3 million
103	Qatar	27 thousand	3.0 million
104	Costa Rica	24 thousand	5.1 million
105	France	23 thousand	66.4 million
106	New Zealand	22 thousand	5.2 million
107	Timor-Leste	20 thousand	1.4 million
108	Eswatini	20 thousand	1.2 million
109	Singapore	20 thousand	5.8 million
110	Comoros	18 thousand	850 thousand
111	Ireland	18 thousand	5.2 million
112	Solomon Islands	17 thousand	800 thousand
113	Bahrain	16 thousand	1.6 million
114	Djibouti	15 thousand	1.2 million
115	Guyana	11 thousand	826 thousand
116	Kosovo (Disputed Territory)	11 thousand	1.7 million
117	Mayotte	10 thousand	316 thousand
118	Jamaica	10 thousand	2.8 million
119	Switzerland	10 thousand	8.9 million
120	Fiji	8 thousand	924 thousand
121	Norway	7 thousand	5.5 million
122	Vanuatu	7 thousand	320 thousand
123	Réunion	7 thousand	875 thousand
124	Armenia	7 thousand	2.9 million
125	Suriname	7 thousand	629 thousand
126	French Guiana	6 thousand	303 thousand
127	Belize	5 thousand	411 thousand
128	Albania	5 thousand	2.8 million
129	Western Sahara	5 thousand	580 thousand
130	São Tomé & Príncipe	5 thousand	231 thousand
131	Bhutan	5 thousand	786 thousand
132	Cyprus	5 thousand	1.3 million
133	Maldives	5 thousand	526 thousand
134	Samoa	4 thousand	217 thousand
135	Sweden	4 thousand	10.6 million
136	Brunei	4 thousand	459 thousand
137	Cape Verde	4 thousand	522 thousand
138	Trinidad & Tobago	4 thousand	1.5 million
139	Kiribati	2 thousand	133 thousand
140	New Caledonia	2 thousand	290 thousand
141	Luxembourg	2 thousand	665 thousand
142	French Polynesia	2 thousand	281 thousand
143	Guam	2 thousand	167 thousand
144	Tonga	2 thousand	105 thousand
145	Iceland	2 thousand	388 thousand
146	Micronesia	2 thousand	113 thousand
147	Netherlands	2 thousand	18.1 million
148	Macao SAR China	1 thousand	714 thousand
149	Bahamas	855	399 thousand
150	Seychelles	693	128 thousand
151	Mauritius	680	1.3 million
152	Guadeloupe	673	377 thousand
153	Marshall Islands	550	39 thousand
154	Denmark	535	5.9 million
155	Cayman Islands	514	73 thousand
156	St. Lucia	475	179 thousand
157	Antigua & Barbuda	463	93 thousand
158	American Samoa	397	48 thousand
159	Northern Mariana Islands	371	45 thousand
160	Grenada	334	117 thousand
161	Uruguay	298	3.4 million
162	Malta	285	533 thousand
163	Greenland	238	56 thousand
164	Martinique	226	346 thousand
165	St. Martin	215	28 thousand
166	Nauru	214	12 thousand
167	Gibraltar	214	38 thousand
168	Barbados	159	282 thousand
169	Turks & Caicos Islands	154	46 thousand
170	Tuvalu	136	10 thousand
171	Faroe Islands	126	55 thousand
172	British Virgin Islands	92	39 thousand
173	St. Kitts & Nevis	83	47 thousand
174	Liechtenstein	71	40 thousand
175	St. Vincent & Grenadines	67	101 thousand
176	Andorra	64	81 thousand
177	Cook Islands	46	14 thousand
178	Sint Maarten	43	43 thousand
179	Anguilla	34	14 thousand
180	Tokelau	33	2 thousand
181	Caribbean Netherlands	22	30 thousand
182	Falkland Islands	12	3 thousand
183	Wallis & Futuna	10	11 thousand
184	Niue	-2	2 thousand
185	Vatican City	-11	496.00
186	Palau	-11	18 thousand
187	Aruba	-14	108 thousand
188	St. Barthélemy	-17	11 thousand
189	Montserrat	-21	4 thousand
190	St. Helena	-50	5 thousand
191	St. Pierre & Miquelon	-52	6 thousand
192	Bermuda	-52	65 thousand
193	San Marino	-70	34 thousand
194	Guernsey	-74	64 thousand
195	Dominica	-111	67 thousand
196	Isle of Man	-180	84 thousand
197	Montenegro Visa Digital Nomad Business Residence Permit	-228	634 thousand
198	Jersey	-297	104 thousand
199	U.S. Virgin Islands	-362	86 thousand
200	Monaco	-449	39 thousand
201	Curaçao	-450	185 thousand
202	Georgia	-1312	3.8 million
203	Slovakia	-1896	5.5 million
204	North Macedonia	-2985	1.8 million
205	Slovenia	-3679	2.1 million
206	Estonia	-5657	1.4 million
207	Moldova	-8744	3.1 million
208	Belgium	-12105	11.7 million
209	Latvia	-13364	1.9 million
210	Puerto Rico	-15813	3.2 million
211	Cuba	-15881	11.0 million
212	Hong Kong SAR China	-15896	7.4 million
213	Austria	-16169	9.1 million
214	Finland	-16428	5.6 million
215	Bosnia & Herzegovina	-18292	3.2 million
216	Lithuania	-19506	2.9 million
217	Czechia	-21680	10.8 million
218	Croatia Visa Digital Nomad	-23583	3.9 million
219	Portugal Visa Digital Nomad Financially Independent Residence Permit Freelance visa Study visa Startup visa	-29271	10.4 million
220	Serbia Business Residence Permit	-34088	6.8 million
221	Bulgaria Business Residence Permit	-40335	6.8 million
222	Hungary Visa Digital Nomad Business Residence Permit	-42690	9.7 million
223	Thailand	-46106	71.7 million
224	Greece	-53357	10.2 million
225	Belarus	-56537	9.1 million
226	Taiwan	-72935	23.3 million
227	Romania	-73496	19.1 million
228	Poland	-94394	38.8 million
229	South Korea	-109108	51.7 million
230	Spain Visa Digital Nomad Startup Visa Study visa Financially Independent Residence Permit	-110642	47.9 million
231	Italy Visa Digital Nomad Study visa	-278821	59.5 million
232	Ukraine	-283190	37.7 million
233	Germany Freelance visa Work visa The Blue Card The Chance Card Study visa Career Counseling Career support	-314891	84.5 million
234	Russia	-497650	145.4 million
235	Japan	-774546	124.4 million
236	China	-2784296	1.4 billion
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Top 10 countries with the highest population growth

India is the first country in the world in terms of population growth rate and the second in terms of total population. The country continues to grow rapidly at 13.7 million people per year. The main factors of this growth are a high birth rate and improved medical care. It is expected that the growth rate will continue due to the young population and an increase in life expectancy. Social factors such as traditional attention to family and childbearing also play a role. However, as the population grows, social problems arise, such as lack of resources and access to quality education.

Pakistan ranks second with an increase of 5.2 million people, and this is due to reasons similar to India: there is a high birth rate and a low mortality rate. The country has a very young population – the average age of residents is only 20.3 years.

In third place in the ranking, Nigeria is one of the fastest growing countries in the world, with a population exceeding 200 million people. The rapid population growth here is also associated with a high birth rate.

This is followed by a number of Southern countries such as Congo-Kinshasa with an increase of 3,467,832 people, Ethiopia (3,338,667 people), Bangladesh (2,630,878 people), Indonesia (2,364,653 people), Tanzania (1,960,592 people), Egypt (1,780,268 people) and Uganda (1,477,167 people).

These countries illustrate how a high level of population growth can affect socio-economic development and create both challenges for social infrastructure and opportunities for economic development.

Top 10 countries with the lowest population growth rate

China shows the largest population decline in the world at -2.8 million people. This is the result of the "one family, one child" policy that has been implemented over the years. The aging population and slowing economic growth are forcing the Government to review migration and social programs. These factors create challenges for future generations, reducing the country's economic prospects. Especially considering that the long-standing practice of having few children has been steadily entrenched in the social tradition of China.

Japan, with a decrease of -774.5 thousand people, is also facing the problem of an aging population. Low birth rates and economic realities, such as difficulties in maintaining high living standards, have contributed to this process. The Government is trying to attract migrants and is trying to adapt social and economic structures to the new demographic reality.

Russia is in third place in the world with a decrease of -497.6 thousand people per year. The country continues to face demographic challenges, including a decrease in the birth rate, an increase in the number of citizens leaving and a significant decrease in the influx of migrant workers. Economic difficulties and insufficient support measures for families with children are also significant factors. The Government is making efforts to improve the situation by introducing programs to support families and children, however, the effect of them is not yet noticeable enough.

In fourth place, Germany shows a decrease of -314.9 thousand people, which is primarily due to an increase in the proportion of elderly people in the population and a decrease in the birth rate. Despite its high economic strength, the country is experiencing a shortage of labor. Ukraine shows a large decrease in population, losing -283.2 thousand people per year.

Next in the outsiders in terms of population are: Italy (-278.8 thousand people), Spain (-110.6 thousand people), South Korea (-109.1 thousand people), Poland (-94.4 thousand people) and Romania (-73.5 thousand people).

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