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Luxembourg

Grand Duchy of Luxembourg

608 thousand
2,586 km2
French, Italian,
Christianity

An interesting fact about Luxembourg: it is one of the three countries in the world where the Grand Duke is at the head of state. The holders of this title have a status similar to kings and queens, and govern their countries with similar monarchical privileges. The Luxembourg monarchy is known for its history, which dates back several centuries, and occupies an important cultural significance in the country.

In terms of income per inhabitant, the country ranks fourth in the world, ranks among the richest EU states and is called the financial center of Europe.

Happiness level
94
Happiness level
94

In terms of happiness, Luxembourg ranks 9 out of 136 countries in the World Happiness Report 2024. The indicator takes into account GDP per capita, life expectancy, sense of security, and public opinion survey results from residents of the countries.

Health index
88
Health index
88

Based on the Numbeo Health Index derived from user experience. In the 2024 ranking, Luxembourg is in 12 place according to this indicator among 94 countries. The index evaluates the quality, cost, accessibility of medical services, and the level of staff qualifications.

The cleanest air
89
The cleanest air
89

Air cleanliness reflects the environmental situation in the region. This factor is crucial. Luxembourg is ranked 15 among 125 countries based on the results of 2024.

Security of countries
72
Security of countries
72

The indicator is calculated based on the country safety rating from the Numbeo service. Luxembourg ranks 42 out of 146 in terms of safety according to a survey of real travelers who visited the country in 2024.

Life expectancy 82.6 years
83
Life expectancy
83

Luxembourg ranks 17 out of 235 countries in the world for life expectancy. This is a crucial indicator that has been evaluated by the United Nations since 1980.

Level of human freedom
94
Level of human freedom
94

Luxembourg ranks 10 out of 164 countries in the Human Freedom Index 2024 by the American Cato Institute and the Canadian Fraser Institute. The ranking evaluates personal, civil, and economic freedom in different countries based on 86 indicators.

The cost of living 65.5 USD
14
The cost of living
14

The cost of living assessment in Luxembourg, according to the Numbeo Index 2024, includes not only the cost of groceries, restaurants, and housing rent but also the purchasing power index. The indicator is conditional, as it is most often directly related to the income level of the population.

Unemployment rate 4.7 percent
62
Unemployment rate
62

The unemployment rate and the assessment of Luxembourg according to this indicator are based on data from the International Labour Organization from 2024. According to this indicator, the country ranks 72 out of 186 countries in the world.

Level of social progress
92
Level of social progress
92

The Social Progress Index assesses countries' achievements across 50 different indicators, and Luxembourg ranks 14 out of 168 countries in this rating for the year 2024.

Quality of citizenship
79
Quality of citizenship
79

The Citizenship Quality Ranking considers freedom of movement, human development index, GDP indicators, and openness to residency. Luxembourg ranks 16 out of 201 countries based on these criteria as of 2024.

Internet speed 97.08 Mbps
86
Internet speed
86

Internet speed indicates the level of technological development in the country, accessibility of information, and service quality. Luxembourg ranks 22 in the list of countries based on this indicator.

Mobile data price 1.7 USD
39
Mobile data price
39

The cost of mobile internet reflects its accessibility. When considering this indicator alongside internet speed, we can judge the quality of access to information. In 2024, Luxembourg ranks 144 out of 236 in this regard.

English proficiency level
82
English proficiency level
82

An indicator that gives an understanding of how comfortable you will feel in a country if you are unfamiliar with the local language but proficient in English. According to this indicator, Luxembourg ranks 22 in the world.

A multinational mini-state in Western Europe with a population of 660,809 people. In terms of area, the country is in second place after Malta in the ranking of small European states. Half of the people living in Luxembourg are immigrants. The state has no access to the sea. Its neighbors are Belgium, France and Germany.

Luxembourg belongs to an ancient state that was inhabited by Gauls and for a long time was part of the Roman Empire. In the 5th century, the Franks conquered the country, converting the population to Christianity. In 1060, the state was named a county, later changed its title to a duchy and retains it to this day.

In 1697, Spain gained political influence over Luxembourg, but later it returned to France and ended with the departure of Napoleon I. During the First World War, Luxembourg remained neutral, and during the Second World War it was captured by Nazi troops and was liberated in 1944. In 2002, the duchy became part of the Eurozone.

Climatic conditions

The country has a temperate continental climate. It is cold in Luxembourg during the winter months, but there are no severe frosts, and the average temperature stays at 0 °C. In summer, it is relatively cool, the average temperature remains around +17 °C. The most comfortable time to travel around Luxembourg is from the second half of May to the second half of September.

The relief of the country consists of soft low hills and fertile valleys. In the north of the country there are the higher Ardennes Mountains. The warm south of Luxembourg is more densely populated than the north. The inhabitants of this region actively grow vineyards.

Demographics

Luxembourg's capital of the same name is home to 341,000 people, which is half of the total population of the state. 56% of the residents speak Luxembourgish, which is part of the German group. The official language is German. Portuguese is in second place in terms of prevalence, and French is in third place.

Please note! 

For permanent residence and business in Luxembourg, you must be fluent in German or French. 

The largest national minorities are Portuguese, French, immigrants from Italy and Belgium. The majority of the inhabitants are Catholic Christians and Protestants. Orthodox Christians, Jews and people professing Islam are in the minority.

The average life expectancy according to WHO for 2020 is 82,4 years. For men, this figure is 80,6 years, for women – 84,2 years. The Duchy is ranked 12th in the global ranking.

Economy

In terms of income per inhabitant, the country ranks fourth in the world, ranks among the richest EU states and is called the financial center of Europe. In terms of the minimum wage, the state ranks first in the world ranking. The head offices of many organizations are based in the capital of the duchy.

Inflation rate

in the state in 2023 it amounted to 4.3%, GDP per capita – $129,810, credit rating – AAA (stable).

Luxembourg has an offshore zone and a flexible tax system. Therefore, more than a thousand investment funds and more than two hundred banks operate in its capital – this is a world record. The foreign trade of the state and its international financial transactions are combined with Belgian ones, controlled by the National Bank. The most developed economic area is considered to be the service sector, including financial services for entrepreneurs and individuals. 9,2% of employed residents of the state are engaged in banking.

There are many telecommunication networks in the country, there are enterprises producing audio equipment and video shooting equipment. Other areas of production are the manufacture of chemicals, machinery, polymers, textiles, glass and porcelain. American entrepreneurs believe Luxembourg is a convenient place for business development. They are attracted to the local workers by their knowledge of several languages.

The duchy does not produce gas, petroleum products and coal, these products are imported from neighboring countries. Economically significant industries are meat and dairy farming, horticulture, viticulture, and iron ore mining.

The quality of residential, industrial and commercial construction in Luxembourg is higher than in other EU countries. Foreigners are allowed to buy real estate without restrictions. 

The disadvantages of the Luxembourg economy are a large external debt, sensitivity to changes in the financial systems of other countries.

Freedom of movement

In 2024, Luxembourg's passport is ranked 4th in the ranking of all countries. Holders of such a passport can travel to 191 countries without restrictions. To visit 17 countries, Luxembourgers will need a visa on arrival or an electronic entry permit. The length of stay may vary from country to country and is determined individually.

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