Kazakhstan (officially the Republic of Kazakhstan) is a country in Central Asia. It borders Russia to the north and west, China to the east, Kyrgyzstan to the southeast, Uzbekistan to the south, and Turkmenistan to the southwest. It has a coastline along the Caspian Sea. The capital is Astana, while the largest city and the main cultural and trading center is Almaty. Kazakhstan is the ninth-largest country in the world by area.
After the dissolution of the Soviet Union on December 16, 1991, the country declared independence as the Republic of Kazakhstan. The political system is a unitary constitutional republic with a democratic structure. The country is divided into 17 regions and 3 cities with special status. Subnational units are further divided into districts.
Kazakhstan is a member of the United Nations, the World Trade Organization, the Commonwealth of Independent States, the Shanghai Cooperation Organization, the Eurasian Economic Union, the Collective Security Treaty Organization, the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe, and the Organization of Islamic Cooperation.
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